翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Pioneer Courthouse ・ Pioneer Courthouse / Southwest 6th and Pioneer Place / Southwest 5th ・ Pioneer Courthouse Square ・ Pioneer Credit Recovery Inc. ・ Pioneer Creek ・ Pioneer Day ・ Pioneer Day (Utah) ・ Pioneer Days (Chico, California) ・ Pioneer Dental College & Hospital ・ Pioneer District ・ Pioneer DJ ・ Pioneer Drama Service ・ Pioneer Drum and Bugle Corps ・ Pioneer DVL ・ Pioneer Energy ・ Pioneer factor ・ Pioneer Farm ・ Pioneer Field (Tusculum) ・ Pioneer Florida Museum and Village ・ Pioneer Foods ・ Pioneer Football League ・ Pioneer Fund ・ Pioneer Generation Package ・ Pioneer Girl ・ Pioneer Gothic Church ・ Pioneer Group ・ Pioneer Gym ・ Pioneer H ・ Pioneer Hall ・ Pioneer Hall (Oregon) Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Pioneer factor ： ウィキペディア英語版 Pioneer factor Pioneer factors are transcription factors that can directly bind condensed chromatin. They can have positive and negative effects on transcription and are important in recruiting other transcription factors and histone modification enzymes as well as controlling DNA methylation. They were first discovered in 2002 as factors capable of binding to target sites on nucleosomal DNA in compacted chromatin and endowing competency for gene activity during hepatogenesis. Pioneer factors are involved in initiating cell differentiation and activation of cell-specific genes. This property is observed in fork head box (FOX), Groucho TEL, and in Gal4 transcription factors. The eukaryotic cell condenses its genome into tightly packed chromatin and nucleosomes. This ability saves space in the nucleus for only actively transcribed genes and hides unnecessary or detrimental genes from being transcribed. Access to these condensed regions is done by chromatin remodelling by either balancing histone modifications or directly with pioneer factors that can loosen the chromatin themselves or as a flag recruiting other factors. Pioneer factors are not necessarily required for assembly of the transcription apparatus and may dissociate after being replaced by other factors. ==Active rearrangement== Pioneer factors can also actively affect transcription by directly opening up condensed chromatin in an ATP-independent process. This is a common trait of fork head factors as they contain a winged helix DNA-binding domain that mimics the DNA-binding domain of the linker H1 histone. The similarity to histone H1 explains how it is able to bind chromatin by interacting with the major groove of only the one available side of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome.〔 Fork head domains also have a helix that confers sequence specificity unlike linker histone.〔 The C terminus is associated with higher mobility around the nucleosome than linker histone, displacing it and rearranging nucleosomal landscapes effectively.〔 This active re-arrangement of the nucleosomes allows for other transcription factors to bind the available DNA. In thyroid cell differentiation FoxE binds to compacted chromatin of the thyroid peroxidase promoter and opens it for NF1 binding. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pioneer factor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.